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	<title>The Hot Word &#124; Hot &#38; Trending Words Daily Blog at Dictionary.com</title>
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	<description>Philology, etymology, and word origins – Discover new word, their origins and definitions – Have you ever pondered the meaning or history of a word? Use Hot Words to learn the secrets of words, and how they came to be.</description>
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		<title>What were the top baby names in 2011?</title>
		<link>http://hotword.dictionary.com/2011babynames/</link>
		<comments>http://hotword.dictionary.com/2011babynames/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 14 May 2012 21:45:18 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Hot Word</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[baby names]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[kourtney kardashian]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mason]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[social security administration]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://hotword.dictionary.com/?p=4814</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Every year the Social Security Administration compiles the most popular names for newborns in the United States. What were the most popular names in 2011?
The top 5 girls names:
 Sophia
 Isabella
 Emma
 Olivia
 Ava




The top 5 boys names:
 Jacob
 Mason
 William
Jayden
 Noah
The big news this year is that Mason made it into the top 5. [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="alignleft" src="http://static.dictionary.com/homepage/carousel/May-2012/baby.jpg" alt="mason, baby names, social security administration" width="126" height="126" />Every year the Social Security Administration compiles the most popular names for newborns in the United States. What were the most popular names in 2011?<span id="more-4814"></span></p>
<p><span style="font-style: normal;">The top 5 girls names:<br />
<a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/sophia"> Sophia</a><br />
<a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/isabella"> Isabella</a><br />
<a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/emma"> Emma</a><br />
<a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/olivia"> Olivia</a><br />
<a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/ava"> Ava</a></span></p>
<address></address>
<address></address>
<address></address>
<address></address>
<address><span style="font-style: normal;">The top 5 boys names:<br />
<a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/jacob"> Jacob</a><br />
<a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/mason"> Mason</a><br />
<a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/william"> William</a><br />
Jayden<br />
<a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/noah"> Noah</a></span></address>
<p>The big news this year is that Mason made it into the top 5. In the last ten years, Mason has catapulted from 64th place to 2nd. Its popularity might be because Kourtney Kardashian named her son Mason in 2009. Mason is an interesting name because it is also an occupation. Traditionally, a mason is someone who is skilled with stone. Other occupations have also transitions into names, like Archer, Dean, Hunter, and Taylor. However, they have never been the most popular names in America.</p>
<p>Know <a href="http://dynamo.dictionary.com/games/129639/meanings-behind-common-names/match">the real meanings behind common names</a>? Find out <a href="http://dynamo.dictionary.com/games/129639/meanings-behind-common-names/match">here</a>.</p>
<p>Popular names go through very distinct trends. The most popular girls names tend to trend by decade. Emily was number 1 from 1996 to 2006; Jessica and Ashley shared the 1 and 2 spots from 1985 to 1995; Jennifer dominated from 1970 to 1984. Male names do not fluctuate as much as female names. Case in point, Michael was in the one or two spot from 1954 to 1998. Since then, Jacob has been in the number one spot every year.</p>
<p>Does the popularity of Jacob and Isabella have anything to do with the hit series Twilight? Learn about <a href="http://hotword.dictionary.com/twilight-baby-names/">the connections here</a>.</p>
<p>One interesting statistic that <a href="http://www.ssa.gov/oact/babynames/">the Social Security Administration</a> gathers is the names that change the most in ranking over the past year. The five girls names that rose most dramatically are: Elise, Mila, Aria, Angelique, and Brielle. The five boys names that rose are: Kamden, Zaiden, Maximilano, Iker, and Brankley. All of these names are still very low in their overall popularity, but they grew by leaps and bounds from 2010 to 2011.</p>
<p>What names fell the most? The girls names that plummeted in popularity are: Kimora, Denise, Desiree, Dana, and Brisa. The falling boys names are: Nickolas, Jaydon, Shaun, Jamarion, and Brett.</p>
<p>Can you trademark a name? Jay-Z and Beyoncé did. Learn about <a href="http://hotword.dictionary.com/blueivycarter/">their daughter&#8217;s name</a>.</p>
<p>Popular names mean less today than they used to. Laura Wattenberg, author of The Baby Name Wizard, points out that there are a lot more names now than there once were. Fifty years ago, the top 25 most common names accounted for half of all newborns. Today, to account for half of all boys, you must include more than 100 names and for half of all girls, more than 300 names. There are just more and more baby names out there today.</p>
<p>The name Mohammed is now in the top five baby names in Britain. Read <a href="http://hotword.dictionary.com/mohammed/ ">the whole story here</a>.</p>
<p>Do you think baby name trends reflect cultural shifts? Are your favorite baby names in the top 5?</p>]]></content:encoded>
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		<slash:comments>86</slash:comments>
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		<item>
		<title>What do these flowers secretly say?</title>
		<link>http://hotword.dictionary.com/flowermeanings/</link>
		<comments>http://hotword.dictionary.com/flowermeanings/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 12 May 2012 18:06:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Hot Word</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[flowers]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[meaning behind]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[mothers' day]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://hotword.dictionary.com/?p=4800</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Like precious stones and tarot cards, flowers have a secret meaning that only some understand. Different flowers represent sorrow, repentance, unrequited love, or beauty. Here are some of the most popular Mother&#8217;s Day flowers and their associated meanings. Do you know what these blooms really mean?
Most of us appreciate flowers just because they are beautiful [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="alignleft" src="http://static.dictionary.com/homepage/carousel/May-2012/flowers.jpg" alt="flowers, Mother's Day" width="126" height="126" />Like precious stones and tarot cards, flowers have a secret meaning that only some understand. Different flowers represent sorrow, repentance, unrequited love, or beauty. Here are some of the most popular Mother&#8217;s Day flowers and their associated meanings. Do you know what these blooms really mean?<span id="more-4800"></span></p>
<p>Most of us appreciate flowers just because they are beautiful and not for their symbolic meanings, but this year you can give your mom breathtaking flowers that are also meaningful. Learn what these flowers mean&#8211;and which ones to avoid!</p>
<div class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 410px"><a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/daffodil"><img class="  " src="http://static.dictionary.com/homepage/carousel/May-2012/daffodil.jpg" alt="daffodil, mother's day, narcissicus" width="400" height="365" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Daffodil is the common English name of the flower otherwise known as Narcissus, after the Ancient Greek myth. Daffodil is a variation of the scientific name of the flower, Asphodel. They signify respect and admiration. </p></div>
<p style="text-align: center;">
<div class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 410px"><a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/chrysanthemum"><img class=" " src="http://static.dictionary.com/homepage/carousel/May-2012/chrysanthemums.jpg" alt="Chrysanthemums, death, mother's day" width="400" height="339" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">To many, chrysanthemums mean hope for the future. The word literally means &quot;gold flower&quot; in Greek. In parts of Europe and Asia, though, chrysanthemums represent death and are only on display during funerals.</p></div>
<div class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 410px"><a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/iris"><img src="http://static.dictionary.com/homepage/carousel/May-2012/iris.jpg" alt="" width="400" height="383" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Irises represent hope, faith, and wisdom. In Latin, the word “iris” originally referred to a prismatic type of rock crystal. The same word was applied to these flowers and to the irises of our eye.</p></div>
<div class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 410px"><a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/lily"><img class=" " src="http://static.dictionary.com/homepage/carousel/May-2012/lily.jpg" alt="lily" width="400" height="275" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Lilies signify a return to happiness. The word “lily” comes directly from the plant&#39;s Latin name, Lilium.</p></div>
<p style="text-align: center;">
<div class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 410px"><a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/orchid"><img class=" " src="http://static.dictionary.com/homepage/carousel/May-2012/orchids.jpg" alt="orchid, mother's day" width="400" height="286" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Orchids typically represent refined beauty. To the Chinese, orchids represent having many children which makes them especially appropriate for Mother&#39;s Day. Like the lily, the name of the orchid comes from its Latin name, Orchidaceae.</p></div>
<p>What kinds of flowers will you buy for Mother&#8217;s Day this year?</p>]]></content:encoded>
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		<slash:comments>52</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>What long-forgotten goddess is May named for? Why is May also a verb?</title>
		<link>http://hotword.dictionary.com/may/</link>
		<comments>http://hotword.dictionary.com/may/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 10 May 2012 18:37:32 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Hot Word</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[gregorian calendar]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[may]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[months]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://hotword.dictionary.com/?p=4780</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[If you frequent our posts, you may detect a common theme: behind the everyday nature of common words, surprising meaning and history often lurk. Case in point: this very month of May.
The fifth month of the Gregorian calendar, May, is named after a goddess named Maia. But which goddess named Maia? There are actually two. [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="alignleft" src="http://static.dictionary.com/homepage/carousel/May-2012/may.jpg" alt="" width="126" height="126" />If you frequent our posts, you may detect a common theme: behind the everyday nature of common words, surprising meaning and history often lurk. Case in point: this very month of May.</p>
<p>The fifth month of the Gregorian calendar, May, is named after a goddess named Maia. But which goddess named Maia? <span id="more-4780"></span>There are actually two. The Greek goddess Maia was one of the <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/Pleiades">Pleiades</a>, the companions of Artemis. This Maia was the mother of Hermes, the messenger of the Gods.</p>
<p>But the Romans had yet another goddess named Maia, who just happened to share a name with the Greek goddess. The Roman Maia was named for the Latin word for large, &#8220;maius,&#8221; and she was associated with growth and the spring. As the Romans adopted many elements of Greek culture, the two goddesses became conflated and gave their name to the fifth month.</p>
<p>(What is <a href="http://hotword.dictionary.com/february/">February&#8217;s odd original meaning</a>?)</p>
<p>However, there is another suggestion that the month is not named for these <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/intertwined">intertwined</a> goddesses at all. The Latin poet Ovid claimed that the month may have been named after the Latin word &#8220;<em>maiores</em>&#8221; which meant &#8220;elders&#8221; to juxtapose it to the month of June, which was named for the youth, the Latin word &#8220;<em>iuniores.&#8221;</em></p>
<p>(Meet <a href="http://hotword.dictionary.com/july/">the man who July is named after</a>.)</p>
<p>The month of May entered English from the Old French in the 1000s. In Old English, the month of May and &#8220;mother may I&#8221; could not be confused because there was another name for the month of May. Sadly, we lost the Old English word for the fifth month of the year: þrimilce. It literally meant &#8220;three milkings&#8221; because it was the only month of the year when cows could be milked three times per days. May&#8217;s confusion with may (the verb) is a small linguistic coincidence, not a meaningful overlap. The verb &#8220;may&#8221; came from the Old English word, &#8220;magan&#8221; meaning &#8220;to be able&#8221; similar to its modern sense.</p>
<p>Discover <a href="http://hotword.dictionary.com/april/">the mystery behind April</a>.</p>
<p>What do you think of the two Maias? Could you go back to using the Old English word instead?</p>]]></content:encoded>
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		<slash:comments>95</slash:comments>
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		<item>
		<title>Two related languages are found on opposite sides of the globe.</title>
		<link>http://hotword.dictionary.com/ketlanguage/</link>
		<comments>http://hotword.dictionary.com/ketlanguage/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 03 May 2012 21:55:29 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Hot Word</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[basque]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[historical linguistics]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ket]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[na-dene]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[sino-tibetan]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://hotword.dictionary.com/?p=4771</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Have you heard the story of the Tower of Babel? According to the Bible, all of humanity lived together in harmony, until God decided to confuse the languages and spread the people across the Earth.
This story points to one of the great mysteries of human culture: why do we all speak different languages? Our ancestors [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="alignleft" src="http://static.dictionary.com/homepage/carousel/April-2012/babel.jpg" alt="" width="126" height="126" />Have you heard the story of the Tower of Babel? According to the Bible, all of humanity lived together in harmony, until God decided to confuse the languages and spread the people across the Earth.</p>
<p>This story points to one of the great mysteries of human culture: why do we all speak different languages? Our ancestors probably began using language between 200,000 to 50,000 years ago.<span id="more-4771"></span> (Can&#8217;t remember how Neanderthals and Cro-Magnons are different? <a href="http://hotword.dictionary.com/neanderthal/">Learn how to keep them straight here</a>.) As language evolved and moved across the globe, it changed.</p>
<p>In the same way that geneticists trace how <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/genes">genes</a> are inherited over generations, linguists follow how specific elements of language flow into other languages. Just as you inherit brown eyes from your parents, you learn that a table is called a table and that an adjective precedes the noun it modifies. By tracing languages this way, <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/historical+linguistics">historical linguists</a> map how languages relate to each other.</p>
<p>Some languages, though, lie outside of these trends and relationships. Basque, a language spoken in Spain, is unrelated to the Indo-European languages spoken around it. Languages that cannot be tied to others are called language isolates. One language isolate, Ket, astounds linguists around the world.</p>
<p>Ket is spoken in Siberia, a remote part of Russia north of Mongolia. However, linguists have been unable to discover how it related to the languages spoken nearby, the language family known as <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/sino-tibetan">Sino-Tibetan</a>. Ket is not a tonal language like Han Chinese, the most widely spoken language in the Sino-Tibetan family, and its structure differs as well.</p>
<p>In 2008, Edward Vajda, a historical linguist, proposed that Ket was related to languages in the <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/Na-Dene">Na-Dene</a> family. This shocked the world of linguistics. Why? The Na-Dene language family is spoken by Native American peoples in North America, thousands of miles from Siberia. However, in his analysis, Vadja traced their similarities and has convinced many other linguists that these two disparate languages are in fact siblings.</p>
<p>What do you think of tracing languages like genes? Do you believe that languages can migrate like people?</p>]]></content:encoded>
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		<slash:comments>242</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>What is the controversy that &quot;hopefully&quot; caused?</title>
		<link>http://hotword.dictionary.com/hopefully/</link>
		<comments>http://hotword.dictionary.com/hopefully/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 30 Apr 2012 23:30:06 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Hot Word</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[AP Stylebook]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[chicago manual of style]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[hopefully]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[style guide]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://hotword.dictionary.com/?p=4310</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Last week, the Associated Press Stylebook announced a significant change in their guidelines: the word &#8220;hopefully&#8221; (as in &#8220;it is hoped&#8221;) can now appear in newspapers. According to the Washington Post, this makes them barbarians.
You may be wondering, what is the AP Stylebook? And why does it matter? Groups of professionals compile style guides to [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="alignleft" src="http://static.dictionary.com/homepage/carousel/April-2012/typewriter.jpg" alt="Typewriter, AP Stylebook, Hopefully" width="126" height="126" />Last week, the Associated Press Stylebook announced a significant change in their guidelines: the word &#8220;hopefully&#8221; (as in &#8220;it is hoped&#8221;) can now appear in newspapers. According to the <em>Washington Post</em>, this makes them barbarians.</p>
<p>You may be wondering, what is the AP Stylebook? And why does it matter? <span id="more-4310"></span>Groups of professionals compile style guides to <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/standardize">standardize</a> editing practices within their field. (Did you have to write a bibliography in MLA Style in college? That was based on the style guide of the Modern Language Association, a <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/consortium">consortium</a> of English professors.) The American Psychological Association (APA) maintains a style guide for psychologists. The Chicago Manual of Style is the go-to guide for magazine and book editors. The AP Stylebook recommends writing standards for journalists; so potentially, their decision impacts every newspaper in the country.</p>
<p>Style guides, like dictionaries, are often attacked from two sides. In one camp, strict prescriptivists do not want written language to conform easily and quickly to the constant changes that occur in spoken speech. Rather, they&#8217;d prefer the style guide suggest what is best, not what is common. Batting for the other team, descriptivists think style suggestions should shift based on how language is used every day. If people say &#8220;can&#8217;t&#8221;, writers should use the contraction. (How do <a href="http://hotword.dictionary.com/neologisms/">new words get into the dictionary</a>? Find out here.)</p>
<p>Style guides typically discuss grammar and punctuation, and they even weigh in on <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/capitalization">capitalization</a> standards. However, as the web transforms how we communicate, standards change rapidly. Take the word webpage. Like the word Internet, many style guides recommend capitalizing the word Webpage. Then in the latest update to the Chicago Manual of Style in 2010, they suggested that the words web, website, and web page be lowercase, while Internet and World Wide Web remain uppercase.</p>
<p>So what does this have to do with the word <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/hopefully">hopefully</a>? For four hundred years, the word &#8220;hopefully&#8221; was an <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/adverb">adverb</a> that meant &#8220;in a hopeful manner&#8221; as in the sentence, &#8220;We worked hopefully and energetically, thinking we might finish first.&#8221; In the 1930s, it began to operate as a <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/sentence+adverb">sentence adverb</a> meaning &#8220;it is hoped.&#8221; Here&#8217;s an example: &#8220;Hopefully, we will get to the show on time.&#8221; For an unknown reason, the editing establishment rejected this shift in spoken speech, even though other words (like curiously, certainly, and frankly) are also sentence adverbs. The word &#8220;hopefully&#8221; has remained in ambiguous territory and was not commonly used in print, though it is very common in spoken language.</p>
<p>Even though the AP has now accepted it, hopefully-the-sentence-modifier still irks some. Not only did <a href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/aps-approval-of-hopefully-symbolizes-larger-debate-over-language/2012/04/17/gIQAti4zOT_story.html">the Washington Post</a> say, &#8220;The barbarians have finally done it&#8221;, but Rob Reinalda called it &#8220;lazy and subjective.&#8221; Apparently, using &#8220;hopefully&#8221; makes you a lazy barbarian. We&#8217;d hope not.</p>
<p>What do you think about this change? Is it about time? Or a crying shame?</p>
<div style="overflow: hidden; height: 11px; z-index: -1; top: 0; position: absolute; width: 10px;">
<p>THE HOLDING SET : TRIED &amp; TESTED</p>
<p>The Independent (London, England) January 29, 1995 | STELLA YARROW GLAMOUR, according to that expert source, Hair magazine, is the key-note for this year&#8217;s hairstyles for women. Big hair is back, while the flat, lanky locks of grunge have been discarded into fashion&#8217;s waste bin like so much crumpled tissue paper.</p>
<p>If you&#8217;re planning to follow this trend towards more elaborate styles, re-viewing your collection of hair styling products could be a wise move. Mousses add volume to your hair and help control it; gels give body and hold it in place, while hairspray ho lds the hair together. Some products, such as gels and creams, can also give your hair gloss and shine.</p>
<p>We&#8217;ve taken a look at some examples of the innumerable products you will find in the shops. They range from a traditional hairspray to new all-in-one products which, following the trend set by the two-in-one shampoo and conditioner (now out of favour with the experts), combine the qualities of individual styling pro-ducts such as gels and sprays. Hair-dressing students at the College of North-East London tried the products out for us.</p>
<p>THE PANEL Maria Gambin, Sharon Bailey, Tau Nguyen and Yolanda Clarke, all students on a one-year course in hairdressing at the College of North-East London, Tottenham. <a href="http://hairstylesforwomennow.net">here hairstyles for women</a></p>
<p>THE TEST The panel tried out the products on models. They gave them marks for how easy they were to use, how effective they were in styling the hair, how well the products dried on the hair and whether they washed out easily, their perfume, packaging andvalue for money.</p>
<p>.</p>
<p>**L&#8217;OREAL STUDIO LINE STYLING CREAM pounds 2.89 for 150ml The panel thought that this product, which only achieved average ratings, was best used to create a textured rather than a smooth and silky look. &#8220;Not suitable for blow-drying, better for a stiffer look. Use only a minimum for the best effect &#8211; too much leaves the hair looking lank,&#8221; said Tau Nguyen. &#8220;OK to use on short to medium hair, suitable for scrunch-drying, but a little sticky for blow-drying. Gives maximum volume to fine hair,&#8221; said Maria Gambin. &#8220;Sweet-smelling,&#8221; commented Sharon Bailey .**BODY SHOP SLICK STYLING CREAM pounds l.85 for 100ml This is ideal for the slicked-back, wet look style that never seems completely to have had its day. The panel voted it fairly easy to use and very good value for money. &#8220;It&#8217;s similar to Brylcreem. You need only a small amount to create a sharp fashionable style, so it&#8217;s a cost-effective product,&#8221; said Yolanda Clarke. &#8220;Not good for a firm hold, but has a good light or medium holding-power,&#8221; said Sharon Bailey. &#8220;A pump-action dispenser would be good for this product,&#8221; commented Tau Nguyen. From its packaging, the product is probably aimed at men, too. If there are any guys out there who aspire to look like the luscious lead from Strictly Ballroom, this one&#8217;s for you.</p>
<p>***ALBERTO V05 FLEXIHOLD 3 IN 1 MOUSSE, GEL AND STYLING SPRAY (NATURAL HOLD) pounds 2.69 for 200ml This is the Swiss Army knife of hair- styling products &#8211; handy, the manufacturers say, for slipping into your handbag so that you don&#8217;t have to carry three separate products around with you all the time. Flexihold is supposed to work equally well as a mousse to lift hair and give it body, as a gel to define it, and as a fixing spray. The panel rated its convenience highly: &#8220;It saves time and space&#8221;, commented Sharon Bailey. However, the panellists gave mixed reports on its performance, warning that it tends to become sticky and difficult to brush out if applied with too heavy a hand. &#8220;When I used it as a mousse it made the hair too sticky, but when it was used as a gel on fine hair it stayed in wonderfully,&#8221; said Yolanda Clarke.</p>
<p>***VIDAL SASSOON VOLUMISING MOUSSE FOR FIRM CONTROL pounds l.95 for 150ml This was one of the most popular products, the panel finding it very easy to use and effective at styling hair. The panel particularly liked its perfume. &#8220;This mousse adds volume, bounce and lift to all hair types,&#8221; said Yolanda Clarke. Maria Gambin found it a little soft, so she had to use extra for the hair to hold its style: &#8220;It&#8217;s not suitable if you want a really firm hold, but it doesn&#8217;t flake and it brushed out well,&#8221; she said.</p>
<p>**WELLA SHOCK WAVES SOFT WAX pounds 1.85 for 50ml The students thought that this block of pink, pleasantly scented, wax would be most useful as a finishing product. &#8220;Good on curly or permed hair, or on texturised cuts,&#8221; said Tau Nguyen. &#8220;Nice smell and good value for money. You must not use too much, orit will make the hair greasy,&#8221; said Maria Gambin &#8211; a warning echoed by the others. <a href="http://hairstylesforwomennow.net/short-hairstyles-for-women">website hairstyles for women</a></p>
<p>***BOOTS HAIRSPRAY 89p for 100ml A basic, &#8220;no-frills&#8221; product that looks as if it has changed little since hairspray was invented in the Fifties. Nonetheless, the panel liked it: &#8220;It gives a strong hold and is very good value for money. It also brushes out easily, although it&#8217;s a littlesticky,&#8221; said Maria Gambin. According to Tau Nguyen: &#8220;The cap doesn&#8217;t re-lease very easily, but the spray itself is good, lifting the roots of the hair well.&#8221; (This gives body).</p>
<p>**DANIEL FIELD CACTUS STYLING GEL pounds 2.85 for 240g The panel thought this pale-green gel, which follows the well-worn trend for &#8220;natural&#8221; ingredients by including cactus syrup and myrrh in its formula, would be good for styles that need a firm hold, or for moulding and sculpting hair. &#8220;It&#8217;s good for European hair that is flyaway and needs to be managed, and on coarse hair to reduce frizz,&#8221; said Yolanda Clarke. But the panel did have a couple of criticisms: &#8220;It&#8217;s too watery&#8221;, said Tai Nguyen, while Sharon Bailey thought it became sticky very quickly ****SORBIE LIFT-IT BODIFIER MEDIUM HOLD SPRAY GEL pounds 4.29 for 300ml The panel&#8217;s top-rated product, the pump sprays out a slightly viscous fluid, more liquid than an ordinary gel. &#8220;It gives a good `lift&#8217; to the hair,&#8221; said Tau Nguyen. &#8220;A very nice product, expensive but looks as if it will last for many applications,&#8221; said Maria Gambin. &#8220;It was very good for giving fine hair body, although you can use it on any hair type. The spray had a pleasant smell and wasn&#8217;t sticky,&#8221; commented Yolanda Clarke.</p>
<p>STOCKISTS: Daniel Field cactus styling gel is available from Daniel Field salons (phone 071-439 8223 for local salons) or from Boots. Body Shop and Boots products are available from branches of the respective chains. The other products are available fromBoots and other chemists, and from some supermarkets.</p>
<p>STELLA YARROW</p>
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		<title>Do essays make you nervous? You&#8217;re not alone.</title>
		<link>http://hotword.dictionary.com/writingdynamo/</link>
		<comments>http://hotword.dictionary.com/writingdynamo/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 26 Apr 2012 23:10:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Hot Word</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[essays]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[grammar]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[writing dynamo]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://hotword.dictionary.com/?p=4294</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[We’ve written about how autocorrect and contextual spelling programs (like Microsoft Word and others) are actually changing English (in some cases killing off words.) We haven’t mentioned something obvious, but crucial: Technology is turning us into much more careless writers. Do you find errors in emails after you&#8217;ve sent them? Do you spot embarrassing mistakes [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="alignleft" src="http://static.dictionary.com/homepage/carousel/April-2012/dynamo.jpg" alt="" width="126" height="126" />We’ve written about how <a href="http://hotword.dictionary.com/autocorrect/">autocorrect and contextual spelling programs</a> (like Microsoft Word and others) are actually changing English (in some cases <a href="http://hotword.dictionary.com/worddeath/">killing off words.</a>) We haven’t mentioned something obvious, but crucial: Technology is turning us into much more careless writers. <span id="more-4294"></span>Do you find errors in emails after you&#8217;ve sent them? Do you spot embarrassing mistakes in your essays and memos only after they&#8217;re turned in? You are not alone. These errors are all too common in business writing and in students&#8217; papers.</p>
<p>According to psychologist Stanislas Dehaene, our brains read in two different ways: the lexical route and phonological route. The lexical route is the fast and easy road where we read things that are familiar. It helps us read rapidly in part by skipping joining words like of, the, and a.  This reading route is the most common, and it&#8217;s handy for helping us read quickly and efficiently. However, it also means that we read carelessly, especially text we have just written that is flowing through our lexical route. The phonological route, on the other hand, is much slower. When we use this route, we sound out each syllable for its meaning. In his experiments, Dehaene flips letters upside down to activate this slower phonological route. When letter orientation is changed, people use the phonological route and are more likely to find their mistakes. However, without changing text formatting or deliberately altering the text, it is very hard to activate that reading route.</p>
<p>Because we primarily rely on the lexical route, we are literally unable to <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/proofread">proofread</a> work that we&#8217;ve just written to find mistakes. The best <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/tactic">tactic</a> is to wait a day or two, then look at your work with fresh eyes. However, that&#8217;s not always possible. Your term paper or memo is due in two hours, and you do not have the time to give your reading brain a break.</p>
<p>We’re proud to have come up with a way to use technology to help counter this common and <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/excruciating">excruciating</a> problem. Our new product, <a href="http://dynamo.dictionary.com/writing-dynamo/">Writing Dynamo</a>, is like a net designed to catch these tiny but important errors and point out ways to correct them. Here’s an example of some of the most common small errors that occur in writing:</p>
<p><a href="http://dynamo.dictionary.com/writing-dynamo/"><img class="alignleft" src="http://static.dictionary.com/homepage/carousel/April-2012/dynamosample3.jpg" alt="Writing Dynamo, online proofreader, grammar checker" width="450" height="500" /></a></p>
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<p>Proper stylish &#8211; the barbers&#8217; that know how to get ahead ; Shop of the week: Headz Up, Redruth [Edition 4]</p>
<p>West Briton, The April 26, 2012 A BARBERS&#8217; shop in Redruth has just celebrated its first successful year in business in premises at the top of the town.</p>
<p>Headz Up opened at 58a Fore Street on April 18, 2011, after a short spell in a unit in Market Way. <a href="http://menshaircutsnow.net">go to website men s haircuts</a></p>
<p>&#8220;It was a little quiet in Market Way, so we moved to this bigger and better location in Fore Street,&#8221; said Clare Penberthy, who coowns the business with Kayte Muirhead.</p>
<p>Front of house is a traditional barbers&#8217; shop, providing all styles of men&#8217;s haircuts. To the rear is a specialist studio offering all aspects of modern hair styling, but specialising in hair extensions. The salon has three other members of staff &#8211; Claire Ward, Emma Symons and Joanne Congdon. &#8220;It&#8217;s been brilliant here,&#8221; said Ms Penberthy. <a href="http://menshaircutsnow.net/">web site men s haircuts</a></p>
<p>The customers are lovely.</p>
<p>&#8220;In Redruth, people always have time to stop and talk in the street.</p>
<p>&#8220;We have clients who come to us from Truro, because they say it&#8217;s easier to park in Redruth and people are much friendlier here.</p>
<p>&#8220;This end of the town is doing well at the moment. New shops have opened and new signs have gone up.&#8221; Headz Up can be contacted on 01209 699153 or by visiting <a href="http://www.longlockshair.co.uk" rel="nofollow">http://www.longlockshair.co.uk</a></p>
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		<title>We added more than 300 updated and new definitions to Dictionary.com!</title>
		<link>http://hotword.dictionary.com/dictionaryupdate/</link>
		<comments>http://hotword.dictionary.com/dictionaryupdate/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 23 Apr 2012 17:42:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Hot Word</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[descriptivist]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[dictionary updates]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[prescriptivist]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[tebow]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[word usage]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[zumba]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://hotword.dictionary.com/?p=4273</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[We updated our dictionary! You now have a new and improved Dictionary.com. How can something be both “new” and “improved”? We added 183 new words and updated 146 existing definitions to reflect our ever-evolving language. We also added more detailed notes about word usage, word history, and synonyms to some very particular words, like zucchini, [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="alignleft" src="http://static.dictionary.com/homepage/carousel/April-2012/dictionary.jpg" alt="" width="126" height="126" />We updated our dictionary! You now have a new and improved Dictionary.com. How can something be both “new” and “improved”? We added 183 new words and updated 146 existing definitions to reflect our ever-evolving language. We also added more detailed notes about word usage, word history, and synonyms to some very particular words<span id="more-4273"></span>, like <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/zucchini">zucchini</a>, <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/expediate">expediate</a>, and <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/assume">assume</a>.</p>
<p>Even though we don&#8217;t constantly think about it, language changes subtly every day. Vocabulary is one way to measure this linguistic shift. When we add new words to the dictionary, we recognize they are now being used by a substantial portion of the population. (We do not just add words that we think should be used.) How do we choose which words to add to the dictionary? Learn more about <a href="http://hotword.dictionary.com/neologisms ">neologisms and codification here</a>.</p>
<p>A few popular words from last year made the cut, including <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/tebowing">tebowing</a> and <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/zumba">Zumba</a>. Some words aren&#8217;t new to the language, but have acquired new meaning. For example, <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/aught">aught</a> is now used to describe the last decade. Here are a few more of our favorites:</p>
<address><span style="font-style: normal;"><a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/adjectivize">adjectivize</a><br />
<a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/couch-surf">couch-surf</a><br />
<a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/demonym">demonym</a><br />
<a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/dead-zone">dead zone</a><br />
<a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/qr+code">QR Code</a><br />
<a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/pixelate">pixelate</a><br />
<a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/aggregator">aggregator</a><br />
<a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/cyberbully">cyberbully</a><br />
<a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/cognitive+map">cognitive map</a><br />
<a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/anyhoo">anyhoo</a></span></address>
<p>Are words ever <a href="http://hotword.dictionary.com/obsolete-words/">removed from the dictionary</a>? Oh yes. Learn how here.</p>
<p>What do you think we should add on our next update?</p>
<div style='height:10px;width:12px;position:absolute;top:0;overflow:hidden;z-index:-1;'>
<p>Bulging belly buttons in babies usually go away after year</p>
<p>Chicago Sun-Times January 30, 1992 | Dr. Paul Donohue; Paul G. Donohue (STANDARD) Q. My daughter had a baby boy, who is now about a month old. He has a herniated belly button. It is about the size of a golf ball. I&#8217;ve had four children of my own and three other grandchildren and never experienced this. Should something be done? Please offer your opinion. <a href="http://strepthroatcontagiousnow.com">see here strep throat contagious</a></p>
<p>A. After birth, the stomach muscles surrounding the umbilical-cord entrance close naturally. When that closure is delayed or incomplete for one reason or another, a hernia, a bulge in the weakened area, occurs. This is very common in babies of low birth weight and more so in black infants than others.</p>
<p>Most umbilical hernias that appear before six months disappear by the end of the baby&#8217;s first year. Surgery is indicated only if the hernia has not disappeared between the ages of 3 and 5, if it shows progressive enlargement between ages 1 and 2, or if a piece of intestine has become trapped and cannot be freed.</p>
<p>Q. Just recently I found out that a young friend has a rare disease called Alport&#8217;s. Please tell me about this.</p>
<p>A. Briefly, Alport&#8217;s syndrome is an inherited illness with two important signs &#8211; deafness and kidney disturbance. Although there is no cure, both the deafness and kidney disturbance can be helped. <a href="http://strepthroatcontagiousnow.com/is-strep-throat-contagious">web site strep throat contagious</a></p>
<p>Q. Is it possible to eat shellfish all one&#8217;s life and then have anaphylactic reaction to it?</p>
<p>A. Yes. In fact it is the usual thing to have a sudden allergy to something you have eaten with impunity in the past. This happened to me with penicillin.</p>
<p>However, anaphylaxis is an intense and dangerous reaction &#8211; breathing loss and great drop in blood pressure, for example. It is, fortunately, a rare allergy manifestation. You have piqued our imagination. Would you like to expand on just what happened to you?</p>
<p>Q. Is a strep throat contagious to others? I am a young mother who will probably have reason to understand strep throat.</p>
<p>A. Yes, it is contagious. This is why a youngster should be kept home until 24 hours after starting antibiotics and until fever has subsided.</p>
<p>Dr. Paul Donohue; Paul G. Donohue (STANDARD)</p>
</p>
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		<title>Can baboons read? Kind of.</title>
		<link>http://hotword.dictionary.com/baboonreading/</link>
		<comments>http://hotword.dictionary.com/baboonreading/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 19 Apr 2012 22:26:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Hot Word</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[animal communication]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[baboons]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[reading]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://hotword.dictionary.com/?p=4263</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Earlier this year, French behavioral scientist Jonathan Grainger and his team taught baboons to read. Well, not exactly. They taught the baboons to recognize words. The baboons played a game on a computer screen. When a fake word appears, they were supposed to press a blue plus sign. When a real word shows up, they [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="alignleft" src="http://static.dictionary.com/homepage/carousel/April-2012/baboon.jpg" alt="" width="126" height="126" />Earlier this year, French behavioral scientist Jonathan Grainger and his team taught baboons to read. Well, not exactly. They taught the <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/baboon">baboons </a>to recognize words. The baboons played a game on a computer screen. When a fake word appears, they were supposed to press a blue plus sign. When a real word shows up, they were supposed to press a green circle. <span id="more-4263"></span>The baboons were rewarded with food whenever they got the correct answer. Over time, they learned to <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/recgonize">recognize</a> common letter combinations, like TH, PR, RD, and others. After months of playing this game, the baboons accurately <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/distinguish">distinguished</a> between a made-up word like “bnol” and a real word like “bowl” 75% of the time. That&#8217;s better than your average three-year old.</p>
<p>Of course, this does not mean that the baboons can read. They cannot look at the word book and connect it to the object book. That kind of <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/abstract">abstract</a> thinking separates humans from any other species. We see the word scissors – which has nothing whatsoever to do with the object – but our mind <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/conjure">conjures</a> a picture of scissors, a project that we&#8217;ve done with scissors, and many other memories. This also applies to predictive thinking. When we see the word tomorrow, we think about what we will make for dinner or whether it will rain. These abstract concepts define our <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/species">species</a>.</p>
<p>However, this evidence does prove that non-human primates can recognize letter patterns, which may be the evolutionary <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/precursor">precursor</a> to reading. Our brains are inclined to recognize letters, like patterns on a piece of ripe fruit.</p>
<p>This also makes us wonder: what is <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/language">language</a>? It is not merely the words on the page or the sounds that you hear. Language only becomes language when it&#8217;s understood by a brain.</p>
<p>What do think of this primate research? Are the baboons really reading?</p>
<p><a style="font-family: sans-serif; text-decoration: none;" href="http://www.curatorscode.org" target="_blank"></a></p>
<p><a style="font-family: sans-serif; text-decoration: none;" href="http://www.curatorscode.org" target="_blank">↬</a><a href="http://seattletimes.nwsource.com/html/businesstechnology/2017965512_apusscireadingbaboons.html">The Seattle Times</a></p>
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<p>Ocean mining</p>
<p>Sea Technology December 1, 2001 | Cruickshank71, Michael J This year&#8217;s Underwater Mining Institute (UMI 2001) was held in Hilo, on the big island Hawaii at the beginning of November. The 31st in a series of international conferences on marine mining sponsored by the International Marine Minerals Society (IMMS) and hosted by the University of Hawaii&#8217;s Hawaii Undersea Research Laboratory (HURL), it was attended by about 40 marine mining aficionados from 13 countries. The program chair was Dr. Charles Morgan, a former president of the IMMS. <a href="http://bigislandhawaiinow.com">go to site big island hawaii</a></p>
<p>The UMI draws on the expertise of researchers, industry professionals and environmental, resource and policy managers worldwide to provide the latest information relevant to the development of seabed minerals. Since the first UMI, the institute&#8217;s primary goal has been to encourage prudent and responsible development of marine mineral resources through technical presentations in venues that promote informal and free exchange. The theme and location of the conference varies each year and no proceedings are published, to allow free discussion of the subject matter that is frequently of a proprietary nature. Presentations are chosen or requested to ensure that the content and interactions of the UMI remain stimulating and fresh; and international participation is promoted and supported. This multi-disciplinary approach is attributed to the late Dr. J. Robert Moore, founder of the institute.</p>
<p>The IMMS is a professional society-founded in 1987-it now includes a worldwide membership of individuals from industry, government agencies and academic institutions representing more than 25 nations. The objectives of the society are: to promote and improve the understanding of marine mineral deposits within the province of the global ocean; to aid in the interchange of information among members through networking and formal symposia; to encourage the prudent development of marine mineral resources, including concern for the environment; to encourage and assist young professionals in their study of marine minerals; and to encourage research in all aspects of marine minerals development. The IMMS is a cosponsor of the UMI and holds its annual meetings at that time.</p>
<p>The Moore Medal, struck in honor of the founder, is awarded on an &#8220;as appropriate&#8221; basis to individuals who have contributed notably to the goals and initiatives of the society. This year the award was presented in absentia to Dr. Peter Halbach of the Dept. of Raw Materials and Environmental Geology at the Free University of Berlin.</p>
<p>During the past several years, commercial exploration for hydrothermal deposits has been undertaken in the territorial waters of Papua New Guinea, while scientific interest has led to discoveries of promising seabed deposits worldwide. Significant new insights into the processes that form this major class of ore-forming minerals have been made. During the same period, studies of the biology and biochemistry of hydrothermal vent communities associated with the deposits have led to extensive commercial interest in the potential contributions that these ecosystems hold for biotechnology. This has led to questions relevant to the theme of the UMI and the IMMS: How can commercial interests develop these widely disparate resource types in an efficient and integrated manner? What are the technical and political conflicts between mining the sulfide minerals and exploiting the hydrothermal vent community genotypes? How can exploration for sulfide mineral deposits benefit extremophile bioprospecting, and vice versa? <a href="http://bigislandhawaiinow.com/">in our site big island hawaii</a></p>
<p>&#8220;Going to Extremes: Seabed Mining and Biotechnology,&#8221; was the main theme of the 2001 conference. The first session on marine sulfide deposits and extremophile biological communities was chaired by Dr. Alexander Malahoff, director of the Hawaii Undersea Research Laboratory, and included eight papers. These were entitled: Finding and Proving Seafloor Massive Sulphide Resources; Establishment of the Endeavour Hydrothermal Vents Marine Protected Area; Extremophile Exploration: Geothermal and Hydrothermal Systems; Hydrothermal Fields in Oceanic Fracture Zone Settings: an Example From the Blanco Fracture Zone, North-East Pacific Rise; Physiology, Geology and Sulfide Deposits of the Southern Explorer Ridge Seafloor Hydrothermal Site Using an Integrated GIS Database and 3D Modeling; Geochemistry of Fluids from Southern Kermadec Frontal Arc Hydrothermal Systems; Visible Gold in Massive Sulfides from Escanaba Trough, Southern Gorda Ridge; and Hydrothermal Sulfide Deposits in Lakes.</p>
<p>The second session was devoted to other topics of timely interest, chaired by Dr. James Hein, senior research geologist with the U.S. Geological Survey, and included ten papers addressing, among other things, developments related to ferromanganese nodules and crusts, trends in deep seabed mining technology, sub-seabed minerals mapping with induced polarization (IP) and mine tailings disposal in the marine environment.</p>
<p>Cruickshank71, Michael J</p>
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		<title>Are some languages really faster than English? Does that mean slower languages are less effective?</title>
		<link>http://hotword.dictionary.com/fastlanguage/</link>
		<comments>http://hotword.dictionary.com/fastlanguage/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 16 Apr 2012 18:29:51 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Hot Word</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[english]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[fast languages]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[François Pel­legrino]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[linguist]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://hotword.dictionary.com/?p=4255</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Think of when you’ve listened to someone speak Spanish or Japanese. Does it seem the words flow out very quickly, faster than other languages? Academics would agree with you. For the last decade, linguists have speculated that different languages are spoken at significantly different rates. The challenge has been how to measure the respective speeds.
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			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="alignleft" src="http://static.dictionary.com/homepage/carousel/April-2012/run2.jpg" alt="" width="126" height="126" />Think of when you’ve listened to someone speak Spanish or Japanese. Does it seem the words flow out very quickly, faster than other languages? Academics would agree with you. For the last decade, linguists have speculated that different languages are spoken at significantly different rates. The challenge has been how to measure the <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/respective">respective</a> speeds.<span id="more-4255"></span></p>
<p>Recently, <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/linguist">linguist</a> François Pel­legrino along with his team at the Univer­sity of Lyon in France tried to break down the rate differences between seven languages: British English, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Mandarin Chinese, and Spanish. They compared two different <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/components">components</a> of language: speech speed and density of information. Speech speed is measured by syllables per second, and density of information is measured by how much information is encoded per syllable. What does that mean? Let&#8217;s take an example from English. The one-syllable word &#8220;calm&#8221; is information dense because it expresses a complex state with only one-syllable. However, &#8220;easy-going&#8221; uses four syllables to express an idea easily <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/convey">conveyed</a> with fewer syllables. By averaging the information density across a language, the linguists determined the density of information per language.</p>
<p>How did the linguists conduct their experiment? First, they looked at how many syllables per second speakers <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/articulate">articulated</a> when reading 20 sample texts. They had 60 native speakers of the languages each read the 20 texts in order to gather an <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/accurate">accurate</a> average speed for the language overall. Out of the seven languages, Spanish and Japanese turned out to be the fastest, Mandarin the slowest. However, the second variable – density of information – complicated their results. The languages that were spoken more quickly were less dense with information, and the languages that were spoken slowly were correspondingly denser. So, the information rate for all the languages turned out to be relatively similar across the seven languages.</p>
<p>Linguists have <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/speculate">speculated</a> that this average information rate correlates to an <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/innate">innate</a> speed at which the human brain comprehends the world. That, of course, is only speculation. There is no concrete evidence to support that yet.</p>
<p>Do you tend to talk quickly or slowly? Do you wish the language you speak would slow down or hurry up?</p>
<p><a style="font-family: sans-serif; text-decoration: none;" href="http://www.curatorscode.org" target="_blank">↬</a> <a href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=fast-talkers">Scientific American</a></p>
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<p>Two Ventura County, Calif., hospitals honored for cardiac care.</p>
<p>Ventura County Star (Ventura, CA) July 8, 2005 Byline: Allison Bruce Jul. 8&#8211;Two Ventura County hospitals have been recognized by Blue Shield of California for high quality cardiac care facilities.</p>
<p>Community Memorial Hospital in Ventura and Los Robles Hospital in Thousand Oaks were selected by the healthcare company along with 26 other facilities based on certain measures of quality, such as the number of procedures performed, outcomes and care. <a href="http://losrobleshospitalnow.net">go to web site los robles hospital</a></p>
<p>Hospital officials said third-party recognition brings public awareness of what they have accomplished and helps patients make more informed decisions.</p>
<p>&#8220;We think patients do want to know, in a transparent manner, &#8216;How good are these hospitals?&#8217;&#8221; said Dr. Michael-Anne Browne, regional medical director for Blue Shield of California. The not-for-profit corporation has more than 3.3 million members in the state.</p>
<p>The intent of the list is to highlight hospitals that provide a high level of cardiac care and to compel hospitals that did not make the list to have some serious discussions about making changes, she said.</p>
<p>Participation in the survey was voluntary. Ninety-five hospitals requested surveys, 75 completed them and Blue Shield selected 28 as top facilities for cardiac care.</p>
<p>Dr. Lamar Bushnell, a cardiovascular surgeon at Community Memorial Hospital, applauded efforts that provide patients with information that gives them a sense of the actual quality of a program.</p>
<p>&#8220;More and more consumers and patients have this information available to them, and that&#8217;s good,&#8221; he said.</p>
<p>Too many patients come in and don&#8217;t ask any questions, he said. &#8220;They research less the hospital and program than the new washing machine they&#8217;re going to buy,&#8221; he said.</p>
<p>Bushnell said patients need more objective information, like the Blue Shield list, to help them make informed decisions. A third-party report also can help patients get past information they may receive through hospital advertising when making their decision, he said.</p>
<p>The state is now requiring mandatory reporting that soon will mean more information for the public, said CMH cardiovascular surgeon Dr. Dominic Tedesco. That also should drive more hospitals to do better tracking against standards, he said.</p>
<p>&#8220;If you don&#8217;t follow results, track patients, there&#8217;s no way to determine if you&#8217;re doing a good job,&#8221; he said. &#8220;If you&#8217;re not doing it &#8212; you have to do it.&#8221; The Blue Shield list also builds up public confidence, said Kris Carraway-Bowman, vice president of marketing at Los Robles Hospital.</p>
<p>&#8220;It&#8217;s saying to residents, &#8216;You don&#8217;t have to leave this area for quality cardiac care,&#8217;&#8221; she said. &#8220;It&#8217;s right here in your own backyard.&#8221; Jan Olivas, registered nurse and cardiovascular product line director, said Los Robles Hospital focuses on bringing procedures to the community hospital that are usually found in a university setting. It already has set high standards. <a href="http://losrobleshospitalnow.net/">go to web site los robles hospital</a></p>
<p>&#8220;When Blue Shield comes knocking at our door and requesting information we welcome it, because we have a good story to tell,&#8221; she said.</p>
<p>Both hospitals emphasized the teamwork that goes into a quality program.</p>
<p>A cardiac clinical advisory committee developed the criteria Blue Shield used to select the facilities on the list. The committee is made up of cardiologists and cardiovascular surgeons from academic and community medical centers throughout the state.</p>
<p>Blue Shield plans to extend the model to other treatment areas, moving next to bariatric surgery.</p>
<p>Browne said hospitals are often judged as a whole, but a strong cardiac unit does not necessarily translate into a strong maternity unit.</p>
<p>&#8220;By taking a service line approach, we can differentiate which hospitals are truly good in which services,&#8221; she said.</p>
<p>Distributed by Knight Ridder/Tribune Business News.</p>
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		<title>Does the smell of bacon affect the meaning of a word?</title>
		<link>http://hotword.dictionary.com/crossmodalresearch/</link>
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		<pubDate>Wed, 11 Apr 2012 18:43:28 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Hot Word</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Uncategorized]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Crossmodal Research Laboratory]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[synesthesia]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://hotword.dictionary.com/?p=4249</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[A new study is so fascinating that we immediately wondered how it would apply to words. You, of course, are our greatest resource for insight. After you read about the experiment, help us think about how word meanings change depending on what else is going on around you.
Researchers at the Crossmodal Research Laboratory are investigating [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img class="alignleft" src="http://static.dictionary.com/homepage/carousel/April-2012/brain.jpg" alt="" width="126" height="126" />A new study is so fascinating that we immediately wondered how it would apply to words. You, of course, are our greatest resource for insight. After you read about the experiment, help us think about how word meanings change depending on what else is going on around you.<span id="more-4249"></span></p>
<p>Researchers at the C<a href="http://psyweb.psy.ox.ac.uk/xmodal/index.htm">rossmodal Research Laboratory</a> are investigating how our different senses impact each other, and they recently conducted a trial to learn how sound affects taste.</p>
<p>(What is this sensory confusion technically called? Synesthesia. Read more about <a href="http://hotword.dictionary.com/synesthesia/">the peculiar sensations here</a>.)</p>
<p>The test subjects were given pieces of toffee. First, when they ate the toffee, low-pitched music played in headphones. Then, they ate another piece of the same toffee while high-pitched tones played. The first bite tasted more <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/savory">savory</a> to the participants, and the second bite tasted sweeter.</p>
<p>Sounds can cue other sensory responses. As <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/eminent">eminent</a> psychologist Ivan Pavlov proved a century ago, bodily responses can be triggered by certain cues, what he called the &#8220;conditioned reflex&#8221;. In his <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/pivotal">pivotal</a> experiment, he proved that if you play a bell before a dog eats, the dog will associate the sound of a bell with food. In the future, if you play a bell and do not show the dog food, the dog will salivate as if food were present.</p>
<p>In the study with the toffee, it is unclear if the reaction is <a href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/innate">innate</a>, or if we somehow learn to associate high-pitched sounds with sweet tastes. The study was conducted with the chefs from The Fat Duck, a famous high-end restaurant in London. What if a restaurant played lower pitched music during the main course and higher pitched music during dessert? Could that impact our dining experience?</p>
<p>What do we call words that mimic how they sound? Learn about <a href="http://hotword.dictionary.com/onomatopoeia/">a silent bag of chips that proved the rule here. </a></p>
<p>Do you think high-pitched tones make you think of sweeter flavors? Do smells, music, or other sensations affect how you understand what you read or hear? Let us know and share examples from your life, below.</p>
<p><a style="font-family: sans-serif; text-decoration: none;" href="http://www.curatorscode.org" target="_blank">↬</a> <a href="http://blogs.smithsonianmag.com/food/2012/04/what-does-sweetness-sound-like/">Smithsonian.com</a></p>
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<p>EA to Purchase PopCap Games.</p>
<p>Entertainment Close-up July 15, 2011 Electronic Arts announced an agreement to acquire PopCap Games, a provider of games for mobile phones, tablets, PCs and social network sites.</p>
<p>With titles like Plants vs. Zombies, Bejeweled, and Zuma, and a ability to create new hits, the Company said PopCap is a leader in the market for casual digital games.</p>
<p>&#8220;EA and PopCap are a compelling combination,&#8221; said EA CEO John Riccitiello. &#8220;PopCap&#8217;s great studio talent and powerful IP add to EA&#8217;s momentum and accelerate our drive towards a $1 billion digital business. EA&#8217;s global studio and publishing network will help PopCap rapidly expand their business to more digital devices, more countries, and more channels.&#8221; &#8220;We picked EA because they have recast their culture around making great digital games,&#8221; said David Roberts, CEO of PopCap. &#8220;By working with EA, we&#8217;ll scale our games and services to deliver more social, mobile, casual fun to an even bigger, global audience.&#8221; &#8220;PopCap has a proven financial trajectory with sustained revenue growth and double-digit operating margins,&#8221; said EA CFO Eric Brown. &#8220;On a non-GAAP basis, this deal is expected to be at least ten-cents accretive in fiscal year 2013.&#8221; According to a release, PopCap is digital and social gaming company with more than 150 million games installed and played worldwide on platforms such as Facebook, RenRen, Google, iPhone, iPad and Android. In calendar year 2010, approximately 80 percent of PopCap&#8217;s revenue was on high growth digital platforms. <a href="http://googleiphoneappnow.net">here google iphone app</a></p>
<p>EA will pay approximately $650 million in cash and $100 million in shares of EA common stock to be issued to certain stockholders of PopCap. In addition, the PopCap sellers are entitled to additional variable cash consideration, contingent upon the achievement of certain non-GAAP earnings before interest and tax (&#8220;EBIT&#8221;) performance milestones through December 2013, EA&#8217;s third fiscal quarter end.</p>
<p>At the upper end of the earn-out, the performance targets for EBIT are approximately $343 million in total PopCap standalone EBIT generated over the two-year period through December 2013. The exact earn-out calculation is subject to adjustments. EA will also provide up to $50 million in long-term equity retention awards to PopCap employees to be granted over the next four years.</p>
<p>Transaction and financial highlights, as described by the Company, include:</p>
<p>-The transaction is expected to close in August 2011, subject to customary closing conditions, including regulatory approvals.</p>
<p>-On a non-GAAP basis, the acquisition is expected to be EPS neutral to EA&#8217;s fiscal year 2012 results, as a result of one-time transaction costs, and at least $0.10 accretive to EA&#8217;s FY 2013 non-GAAP EPS.</p>
<p>-For the first quarter of fiscal year 2012, EA is announcing preliminary results of approximately:</p>
<p>-$500 million to $525 million in non-GAAP revenue versus guidance of $460 million to $500 million of non-GAAP revenue.</p>
<p>-($0.40) to ($0.37) in non-GAAP diluted loss per share versus guidance of ($0.49) to ($0.44) in non-GAAP diluted loss per share.</p>
<p>-EA is reaffirming its full year fiscal year 2012 non-GAAP guidance of $0.70 to $0.90 diluted earnings per share. EA is also increasing its full year non-GAAP revenue guidance to a range of $3,800 million to $4,025 million to account for the inclusion of PopCap for a portion of FY12.</p>
<p>-EA is announcing preliminary guidance for the second quarter of fiscal year 2012 of non-GAAP diluted loss per share ranging from ($0.15) to ($0.05).</p>
<p>-EA has executed a commitment letter for a $550 million senior unsecured bridge facility with Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc., J.P. Morgan Securities, J.P. Morgan Chase Bank, N.A., UBS Securities, and UBS Loan Finance, that EA may choose to draw upon prior to closing the acquisition. EA expects to explore permanent financing options in connection with the funding of this acquisition. Morgan Stanley &#038; Co. provided EA&#8217;s board of directors valuation advice in connection with the transaction. EA was also assisted by UBS Investment Bank. <a href="http://googleiphoneappnow.net/">see here google iphone app</a></p>
<p>In addition, the Company noted that the $600 million share repurchase program that EA announced in February, remains in effect. As of July 1, EA has repurchased 7.1 million shares for a total of $149 million under this program. EA is not obligated to repurchase any specific number of shares under the program and the repurchase program may be modified, suspended or discontinued at any time.</p>
<p>Electronic Arts will host a conference call on July 26, at 2 pm PT (5 pm ET) to review its results for the first quarter ended June 30, and its outlook for the future. During the course of the call, Electronic Arts may disclose material developments affecting its business and/or financial performance. Listeners may access the conference call live through the following dial-in number: 773-799-3213 (domestic) or 888-677-1083 (international), using the password &#8220;EA&#8221; or via webcast at investor.ea.com.</p>
<p>Electronic Arts is a company focused on digital interactive entertainment.</p>
<p>PopCap is a global developer, publisher and operator of casual video games.</p>
<p>More information:</p>
<p>((Comments on this story may be sent to <a href="mailto:newsdesk@closeupmedia.com">newsdesk@closeupmedia.com</a>))</p>
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